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Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition blood pressure medication kidney pain effective 100mg trandate. It is proposed to blood pressure levels good cheap 100mg trandate use the grouping method to prehypertension natural remedies generic 100mg trandate analyze the effectiveness of enterprises depending on their size blood pressure medication making me cough effective 100 mg trandate. The paper presents a study of the expansion of the resulting efficiency indicators of enterprises within the engineering and metalworking industries and within the building supplies business within the Novosibirsk region (Russia), depending on their size. Thus, the hypothesis in regards to the priority affect of technical and technological components on the expansion of the focus level compared with the peculiarities of the institutional group of the economy (deliberate or market system) is confirmed. Keywords: elasticity, focus, market, enterprise efficiency, grouping method 1. Along with the structural strategy to market research, a behavioral strategy is also used. Alternative fashions of "constructive monopoly" and "competitive oligopoly" have emerged that try to prove the effectiveness of excessive-focus markets (Lyubyashenko, S. This is because of the higher efficiency of functioning of bigger enterprises, which is achieved by: implementing a constructive scale effect; diversifying risks; financing tasks that provide an progressive breakthrough; reducing the time for bringing innovations to market; and forming a successful advertising technique. Giants are accused of paperwork, inflexibility, unreasonably excessive prices, inefficient use of resources, and monopolism (Lyaskin G. Monitoring transactions of financial focus is among the major areas of antitrust coverage. Economic focus transactions have been settled both within the Russian Federation and in international communities. So, in accordance with paragraph 21 of Article 4 of the Law on the Protection of Competition, financial focus is a transaction, different actions, the implementation of which impacts the state of competition. The coverage of sellers within the markets additionally reveals an ambiguous dependence on the extent of focus. Thus, value competition available in the market (for instance, described by the Bertrand model) neutralizes monopoly power even at a excessive level of focus. On the contrary, a cartel settlement leads to larger prices and monopoly profits at low ranges of focus. Therefore, it appears fairly timely to objectively evaluate the effect of structural focus on the results of operations of manufacturing enterprises. We prohibit ourselves to contemplating such an indicator as the value of fixed belongings, since this indicator determines the dimensions of the enterprise (Chepunova, S. We use the next notation: (t) � is the value of all industrial and manufacturing belongings; (t) �i is the value of fixed belongings of the i-th enterprise in 12 months t. Then obviously N(t) (t) (t) � = �i i=1 (1) the place N (t) is the variety of industrial enterprises that have been on their very own stability sheet within the 12 months t. We use the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, which is outlined as N (t) (t) (t) 2 H = (S i) i=1 (2) 213 52nd International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development � Porto, 16-17 April 2020 1 (t) It�s obvious that H 1. The (t) 1 minimal worth of the index H equal to (is the case of the lowest attainable focus) (t) N corresponds to another hypothetical choice, when all enterprises have fixed belongings of equal (t) (t) � (t) worth, specifically �i =. Suppose that every one enterprises are grouped of their size into n groups, and denote by Is the indices of (t) enterprises that fall into the s-th group (s = 1, 2, n). Further Z s is the share of the price of fixed belongings of enterprises of the s-th group within the worth of all industrial-manufacturing fixed belongings within the t-th 12 months. Now suppose that every one enterprises within the indices of the same group have fixed manufacturing belongings of equal worth: (t) (t) Z s Si =, i I s (3) (t) N s (t) the place N s is the variety of enterprises of the s-th group (s = 1, 2. Then n n (t) (t) (t) 2 Z s 2 H = (S i) = (4) (t) s=1 iI s=1 iI N s s s Formula (4) can be utilized instantly, since such data, as a rule, may be borrowed from statistical directories. As an object of analysis, we think about the dynamics of the studied indicators for 2 essential sectors within the Novosibirsk region: mechanical engineering business and metalworking and development supplies business. Table following on the enxt page 214 52nd International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development � Porto, 16-17 April 2020 Table 1: Grouping of business enterprises within the mechanical engineering business and metalworking based on the average annual worth of business manufacturing fixed belongings within the Novosibirsk region � the average Number of the average the average Output, % / groups annual worth enterprises, % / annual worth of annual number million rubles of business unit fixed belongings, % / of employees, % / manufacturing million rubles. Consider considered one of them the dimensions of the enterprise, believing that enterprises of different sizes have unequal alternatives to 215 52nd International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development � Porto, 16-17 April 2020 increase output depending on the expansion of its capital-labor ratio (Lyubyashenko, S. Next, we determine the next indicators for the enterprises of the s-th group within the 12 months t: �s (t) ws (t) = the average capital-labor ratio, Ls (t) �s (t) vs (t) = the average values of manufacturing, Ls (t) s (t) rs (t) = return on gross sales, �s (t) s (t) Rs (t) = profitability of manufacturing. Table 3: the effect of capital-labor ratio growth on the resulting manufacturing indicators within the mechanical engineering business and metalworking for 2 years Enterprises d (w) d (v) d (r) d (R) e (v) e (r) e (R) s s s s s s s with a mean annual worth of manufacturing fixed belongings, million rubles 1 0-271 6, 50 2, 10 1, 30 0, sixty five 0, 32 0, 20 0, 10 2 271-543 18, forty 1, 68 2, 76 1, 81 0, 10 0, 15 0, 10 3 544-814 0, 80 2, 13 0, 12 0, eleven 2, 70 1, 15 0, 14 4 815-1086 7, 80 2, 08 0, 39 0, fifty five 0, 27 0, 05 0, 07 5 1087-1357 50, 50 1, 18 3, 54 2, 02 0, 02 0, 07 0, 04 Table 4: the effect of capital-labor ratio growth on the resulting manufacturing indicators for the building supplies business for 2 years Enterprises d (w) d (v) d (r) d (R) e (v) e (r) e (R) s s s s s s s with a mean annual worth of manufacturing fixed belongings, million rubles 1 0-83 3, 20 4, forty eight 3, 52 3, 20 1, forty 1, 10 1, 00 2 eighty four-165 eleven, 00 18, 70 13, 20 16, 50 1, 70 1, 20 1, 50 3 166-248 15, 00 30, 00 22, 50 forty, 50 2, 00 1, 50 2, 70 4 661-744 8, 00 12, 80 7, 20 16, 08 1, 60 0, ninety 2, 01 the value reveals how a lot p.c increased output, gross sales profitability, profitability of manufacturing on the enterprises of the s-th group with a rise (lower) within the capital-labor ratio of manufacturing by one p.c. The information in tables 3 and 4 make it attainable to graphically show the elasticity of the resulting indicators of capital-labor ratio depending on the dimensions of the enterprise (group number s) ure 1). Figure following on the next page 217 52nd International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development � Porto, 16-17 April 2020 Figure 1: the elasticity of financial indicators depending on the capital-labor ratio and the dimensions of the enterprise (number s) the information in tables 3 and 4 allow us to make a number of hypotheses concerning the constructive effect of focus and integration processes. The enlargement of enterprises, including as a result of association, coordination of joint manufacturing capabilities, increases the role of mechanisms for the steady functioning of the business. The grouping of enterprises is simultaneously associated with the geographical zoning of the market to be able to preserve value self-discipline within the business. Market capacity is more and more being stuffed by enterprises supporting business wide coordination of actions and so forth. At the same time, in both sectors the biggest increase in indicators of the capital-labor ratio factor is noticed for enterprises of the third group. In the machine building business, there were only four such enterprises out of 113 within the Novosibirsk region, and there were two such enterprises within the development supplies business out of forty two. In connection with the continuing reform of the socialist economy in 1965, a time frame from 1968 to 1975 was chosen. Table 6 reveals the results of calculations that present that with the expansion of the dimensions of the enterprise (when transferring from a bunch of enterprises with a smaller number to a bunch of enterprises with a bigger number), the average productivity (within the trend) increases depending on the capital-labor ratio. Tabl� 6: the effect of the expansion of capital-labor ratio on the rise in labor productivity in business from 1968-1975 Enterprises with (v) (w) Vs, ���. Moreover, the maximum of es significantly exceeds the elasticity values for different groups. Despite its approximate nature, the above estimates may be considered as an argument in favor of the processes of focus, integration and coordination of enterprises in industrial sectors. The noticed focus processes (both combination and structural) are due to financial motivation. The outcomes of the analysis of such efficiency indicators of business enterprises as capital-labor ratio, gross sales profitability, labor productivity, manufacturing profitability verify the opinion that enormous enterprises are more efficient than small and medium ones. This truth indicates that the rise in focus is an goal course of (Lyubyashenko, S. The hypothesis in regards to the priority affect of technical and technological components on the expansion of the extent of structural focus compared with the features of the institutional group of the economy (deliberate or market system) is confirmed. Assessment of the extent of structural focus and the results of market functioning. Market focus within the conditions of grouping of enterprises and financial efficiency. The relevance of making use of the grouping method in assessing the effectiveness of enterprises and markets. Market focus and financial efficiency / Modern research on social issues (digital scientific journal). Methodological features of assessing the market construction: focus and efficiency. Globalization as a reason for transformation of the construction of Russian business // North-East Asia Academic Forum. Formation of antitrust coverage within the transition economy of Russia: Federal and regional features. The dissertation for the diploma of candidate of financial sciences / Kemerovo State University. Still, intergenerational fairness imposes itself at this time moment a core concept of sustainability, sometimes expressed as a priority for future generations, pointing within the path of assuring that taxpayers, in every time period, contribute to public expenditures, from which they derive benefits in accordance with their share in those benefits. In different words, they should pay their half without both subsidising, or being subsidised by taxpayers in different time intervals, as well noted by Richard Mugrave but also being very felt within the current days. Tax morale of individuals and enterprises, clear and honest tax methods, not forgeting, as pointed Mirrlees, the very point of simplification of rules which had turn into more and more advanced to answer the worldwide, technological and agressive planing adjustments, are additionally essential objectives to deserve special attention within the definition of tax methods, making them appropriate to the current financial, political, social and environmental context. After Adam Smith�s classes that taxes must be efficient, sure, handy and honest, the �rewriting� of latest tax codes for our twenty first century must additionally imply sustainability issues, meeting well the current wants without compromising the power for future generations additionally meet their wants. Sustainable tax methods are those who give good solutions to all those issues, in three pillars: financial, environmental, and social �additionally identified informally as revenues, planet, and other people, all the time caring to meet the wants of the current era without placing limitations on future ones. A well-functioning tax system is the inspiration stone of the citizen-state relationship, establishing highly effective links based on accountability and accountability. It is also critical for inclusive growth and for sustainable development, offering governments with the resources to put money into infrastructure, schooling, well being, and social protection methods.

A clinical study was reported heart attack questions trusted 100 mg trandate, describ ing fifty seven youngsters with anticonvulsant syndrome prehypertension bad order 100mg trandate, 46 of which had been uncovered to arteria apendicular best trandate 100mg valproic acid in utero arrhythmia drugs effective 100 mg trandate. Of these youngsters 80% had behavioral problems, together with consideration deficit and hyperactivity dysfunction, autistic options, or Asperger�s syndrome (Moore 2000); this was confirmed in five extra patients (Williams 2001). Valproic acid serum concentrations at start correlated with the diploma of neonatal hyper excitability and neurologic dysfunction at the age of 6 years (Koch 1996). In one other study (Rasalam 2005) aimed toward evaluating the clinical options and frequency of autistic dysfunction or Asperger�s syndrome in youngsters uncovered to anticonvulsant medicine in utero, it was concluded that sodium valproate was the drug most commonly related to this sort of dysfunction: 5 of fifty six (eight. In this study, fetal anticonvulsant syndrome related to autistic dysfunction was characterized by a good sex ratio, the absence of regression or talent loss, and language delay in the absence of global delay. In the study by Gaily (2004), the intelligence of 182 youngsters of mothers with epilepsy (study group) and 141 management youngsters was tested in a blinded setting at preschool or college age. Of the kids, 107 had been uncovered to antiepileptic monotherapy, amongst them 13 to valproate; 30 chil dren had been uncovered to polytherapy, amongst them 17 included val proate. The median maternal doses and blood levels of valproate in monotherapy in the course of the second half of being pregnant had been 1200 mg and 370 mol/l. Similar outcomes had been obtained in a retrospective study of youngsters born to mothers with epilepsy, and carried out in epilepsy clinics in 272 2. A complete of 249 chil dren aged 6 and over had been studied: 41 had been uncovered to sodium val proate. The identical group confirmed a major correlation between the verbal intelligence quotient and dysmorphic facial fea tures in the valproate-uncovered youngsters (Kini 2006). Mothers with carbamazepine monotherapy and mothers with epilepsy but with out antiepileptic treatment throughout being pregnant, and their age and gender-matched youngsters, served as controls. Hospital data had been reviewed and neuropsychological evaluation of youngsters was carried out evaluator-blinded. The mothers utilizing valproate scored considerably lower in intelligence checks, and also had a considerably lower educational stage. In abstract, inheritance and cumulative environmental elements might partly explain the increased prevalence of neurocognitive signs in youngsters uncovered to valproate in utero, although con cern in regards to the possible long-term results of intrauterine valproate publicity does exist. There ought to be caution in prescribing valproate to women considering becoming pregnant if appropriate treatment options (see under), and with less teratogenic potential, can be found. When epilepsy is properly-controlled with valproic acid, if no risk exists to replace it by one of the novel anticonvulsants, and if the woman desires to become pregnant, therapy may be continued throughout being pregnant. However, an expanded prenatal analysis with an fetoprotein determination in maternal blood around the sixteenth week of being pregnant and detailed fetal ultrasound in the second trimester ought to be conducted 2 to rule out major disturbances of structural growth, especially neural tube defects. The woman ought to be knowledgeable of the dangers for both structural and behavioural anomalies. The outcome was uneventful in 4 circumstances, two pregnancies had been terminated, and one was spontaneously aborted. Morrow (2006) reported 31 informative being pregnant outcomes with publicity to gabapentin monotherapy, and observed 1 congenital malformation (ventriculoseptal defect). Moreover, 51 pregnancies had been reported to the company (Montouris 2003), and an analogous num ber of circumstances was gathered in a prescription study (Wilton 2002) per shaped inside the Australian Epilepsy Register. Four completely different start defects had been observed amongst these potential and retrospective data, all with polytherapy together with gabapentin. As is the case with other anticonvulsants, especially with combination therapies, an increased rate of start defects is to be expected. Lamotrigine appears to enhance the chance of getting pregnant in comparison with valproate: in a study by Isojarvi (1998), lamotrigine was substituted for valproate because of frequent prevalence of poly cystic ovaries and hyperandrogenism related to weight gain and hyperinsulinemia in women taking valproate. Twelve such patients had been observed for 12 months, and the whole number of poly cystic ovaries in these women decreased from 20 throughout valproate medicine to 11, 1 yr after replacing valproate with lamotrigine. Lamotrigine also appears to interact with hormonal contraception: Sabers (2001) reported seven circumstances in which the plasma levels of lamotrigine had been considerably decreased by oral contraceptives (mean 49%, range 41�sixty four%). The interaction was of clinical relevance in most of the patients, who either experienced increased seizure frequency/recurrence of seizures after oral contraceptives had been added, or opposed results following withdrawal of oral contracep tives. Such a seizure enhance was described in 9 pregnancies on lamotrigine monotherapy by de Haan (2004); this was probably related to a gradual decline of the drug stage-to-dose ratio to 40% of baseline. Case stories can be found on a small number of profitable preg nancies with publicity to lamotrigine in monotherapy (Cissoko 2002, Jovic 1999). No particular malfor mation was related to the drug, but an increased rate of major start defects was seen in circumstances of combination with valproic acid (15 of 133 11. However, no dose-effect no less than at day by day doses as much as four hundred mg was discovered in the registry of the manufacturer (GlaxoSmithKline 2007). Sabers (2004) reported 1 major start defect amongst 51 preg nancies documented in a Danish registry. Among the main malformations had been 5 oral clefts: 2 cleft lip and palate (doses: four hundred mg and one hundred twenty five mg), and 3 cleft palate (doses: 300, 500, 100 mg). Data from other reg istries (GlaxoSmithKline, Swedish and Australian registries) show that 4 newborns had clefts amongst 1623 uncovered � i. This constitutes a signal for a potential threat of cleft in case of in utero publicity to lamotrigine, but no clear conclusion may be drawn as a result of the rate in the unexposed group was particularly low, as a result of the cleft rate is extremely variable amongst populations, and because of the danger as a result of maternal epilepsy itself. It ought to be mentioned that, in contrast with classical antiepileptic medication, no dysmorphic options have been reported to date. With respect to newer antiepileptics in being pregnant, most documented experience exists for lamotrigine. If comparable thera peutic efficacy may be assumed, lamotrigine may be used as an alternative of a classic 276 2. As is the case with other anticonvulsants, especially with combination ther apies, an expanded prenatal analysis with a detailed ultrasound testing in the course of the second trimester ought to be carried out to rule out major distur bances of structural growth. Because the pharmacokinetic modifications display marked inter-affected person variation, frequent lamotrigine-stage monitor ing and applicable dose changes are suggested in the period before and through being pregnant and after supply. Of 21 women who grew to become pregnant on levetiracetam throughout clinical trials, 2 had babies with abnormalities, but both women had been uncovered to other anticonvulsants as properly. Case stories can be found for 3 preg nancies with publicity to levetiracetam in monotherapy with no opposed outcomes (Long 2003). A report on 11 pregnancies uncovered to levetiracetam (Ten Berg 2005) reported no congenital malforma tions, but three of 9 babies had low start weight (1 being pregnant miscar ried and 1 was terminated). The largest case sequence published so far (Morrow 2006) reported 22 being pregnant outcomes with publicity to levetiracetam monotherapy, and observed no case of congenital malformation. Six (21%) of the newborns had been small for date; all of them had been uncovered to polytherapy. An interac tion between levetiracetam and other anticonvulsants was pro posed as a mechanism for growth retardation. Among 37 documented pregnancies (Andermann 1994, Friis 1993, Bulau 1988), the following outcomes had been observed: three spontaneous abor tions, 2 infants with mild dysmorphic options that disappeared later in life, 1 infant with spina bifida (mom also received valproate), 1 newborn with �amniotic bands�, and 31 normal infants, together with a pair of twins. An extensive literature evaluate (Montouris 2005) iden tified a total of 248 pregnancies involving maternal publicity to oxcarbazepine monotherapy and sixty one involving adjunctive therapy. There had been 4 malfor mations related to oxcarbazepine adjunctive therapy � i. With extra circumstances documented by Artama (2005), Meischenguiser (2004), Sabers (2004), and Kaaja (2003), more than 300 pregnancies had been documented; two-thirds of them had been uncovered to monotherapy. Oxcarbazepine may be continued throughout preg nancy if effective in controlling seizures. However, as an extra preventive measure, a detailed ultrasound analysis ought to be conducted in the second trimester in addition to an fetoprotein determination in the maternal serum 278 2. To decrease the danger of coagulation disturbances in the fetus and newborn, the newborn ought to receive 1mg of vitamin K (preferably intramuscularly) at start and 1mg orally each three days in the first 2 weeks of life (see also section 2. There had been indications for skeletal abnormalities and neural tube defects in some animal experiments. However, as an extra preventive measure, a detailed ultrasound analysis ought to be conducted in the second trimester. An expanded prenatal analysis with a detailed fetal ultrasound in the course of the second trimester ought to be carried out to rule out major disturbances of structural growth. In the submit-marketing surveillance system of the com pany, 38 uncovered pregnancies (17 of them monotherapy) had been reg istered; three of the polytherapy-uncovered infants had congenital anomalies.

Lincoln (1994) blood pressure medication when pregnant safe trandate 100 mg, �Introduction: coming into the eld of qualitative analysis� heart attack reasons proven trandate 100 mg, in Norman K blood pressure lowering best trandate 100 mg. Acitelli (1997) hypertension emergency buy trandate 100mg, �Sewing the eld: the tapestry of relationships in life and analysis�, in Steve Duck (ed. Ruth (2004), �Social inuences on dyadic giving over time: a tax onomy from the giver�s perspective�, Journal of Consumer Research, 30 (four), 547�58. Punch, Maurice (1994), �Politics and ethics in qualitative analysis�, in Norman K. Brunel (1999), �Gift receipt and the reformulation of interpersonal relationships�, Journal of Consumer Research, 25 (March), 385�402. Webster�s New World Dictionary, third College edn (1988), New York: Simon & Schuster. Marchand) 535 radical 348�fifty two Advertising on Trial: Consumer Activism and transnational 526 Corporate Public Relations within the Thirties Anthropology News 423, 424 (I. Foote) 5 archival 226 autovideography 337�8 in consumer vulnerability analysis 324�8 Avedon, Richard 309 knowledge framing, contrasting examples 323 Ayella, Marybeth 518�19 dened 322 incapacity studies, medical versus social Baca-Zinn, Maxine 550 model 323 Bacharach, S. Kotler) 11 bodily dysfunction, knowledge on 230 Broadway theater experiences 400 Bonsu, Samuel K. Braudel) seventy six colognes 312 Caprice Hotel 517 business personae 539 vehicles, and symbolic function of manufacturers 33 Committee on Human Development (Chicago) Catcher within the Rye 457 8 Caterall, Miriam 132 Commodication of Childhood, the Cathcart, R. Cook) 538 Catlin, John 10 commodity chains, transnational 528 Caveney, Graham 445 Commuri, Suraj 396 Cayla, Julien 283 Comstock, Donald E. Lewis) 381 construct equivalence 522 choice fashions, and prolonged case methodology constructs, grounded concept 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 179�eighty 26 Chrzanowska, Joanna 257�8 Consumer Behavior (J. Samuel 522, 523 ideas of fifty one Creative Revolution 222 vulnerability of, see consumer vulnerability creativity teams 264 Consuming Passions: the Anthropology of Creighton, Millie 284 Eating (P. Handel) 5 theories 260 Farb, Peter four see also focus teams Febreze 378, 379, 380 focus group theories Feick, Lawrence 112 analytic strategy 262 feminism sixty six, 353�7 medical strategy 261 Fenigstein, Allan 187 cultural/linguistic strategy 262 Ferber, Robert 9 discursive/cognitive strategy 261 Ferguson, James 500, 504 exploratory strategy 261 Fern, Edward 259 group interactions 260 Ferwerda, Jac. Belk) 12 literature, consulting 28 Hill, Ronald Paul 75, 325 modernism 20 Hirschman, Elizabeth C. Walter Thompson Collection (Duke administration 28 University) 221 nomothetic 158 Jakobson, Roman 32, 33, 34, 435 problems of 541 James, William 10 researcher�s position in producing 501 Jeerson, Thomas 219, 222, 223, 224, 226 situated 347, 354�5, 357 Jensen, J. Hayakawa) 8 Kaplan, Abraham 292 Lanting, Frans 476 Kaplan, Caren 500 Larsen, Hanne 12 Kassarjian, Harold H. Davila) 541 Katona, George 5, 6 Latinos/as (United States) 547, 549, 550�fifty one, Kaufman-Scarborough, Carol 323 553 Kawama, Tetsuo 39, forty Latour, Bruno Keith, Robert J. Limerick) 547 Index 585 Legoux, Renaud 285 McDonald�s 141 Leigh, Thomas 121 Supersize Me video critique 338 Leonhard, Dietrich 9, 147 Macfadden-Bartell Corporation 10 Levi-Strauss (brand) 184 McGrath, Mary Ann 12, 441 Levi-Strauss, Claude 36, 455 Maclaran, Pauline 132 Levy, Sidney MacLaughlin, Thomas sixty six and household myths 455 McMillan, Hugh 9, 10 and items 441 McQuarrie, Edward F. Glick) market segmentation analysis 362�three 11 marketing localism 467 and medical analysis 153 Locke, John 31 and consumer analysis 522�three Locke, Karen 29, 171 �gong native� downside 109 emblem design 39�forty longitudinal analysis in 389�93 Lonely Crowd, the (D. Reisman) four and projective methods 153 longitudinal analysis Marketing Association Summer Educators� change, focus on 390�91 Conference 11 consumer behavior studies 392�three marketing concept, broadening 11 denition 387�8 marketing journals, see journals, marketing immersion, nature 390 Marketing Letters 156 in marketing 389�93 Marketing News 153 suggestions 391 marketing analysis versus retrospective approaches 387�9 and promoting sixty four time span/total time in eld 390 and ethnography 430�36 LucasArts, Star Wars Galaxies online and focus teams 257�9 setting a hundred and forty historic, see historic analysis, qualitative lucid dreaming 188�9 Peirce, custom of 39 Lugard, Frederick John D. Dichter) 8 McCracken, Grant 12, 60 marketplace cultures, and brands 87 McDonald, Susan S. Ketel) 310, 311 males, cosmetics for 36, 37, 38�9 �mind-share� strategy, and brand cultures 83 Nivea 184 Mingo, Frank 222 Menon, A. Wales) 9 multi-methodology nature 132 motivation analysis 6, 8�9, 143 revealed works, and online main motivations 146 communications a hundred thirty five Motley, Carol M. Seidman) fifty two�three and introspection 187, 189 postmodernism 247, 353, 354 see also introspection/introspective poststructuralism fifty one�2, 53, 54, 188 consciousness Potter, James W. Dichter); ideas presentism, and customers 222, 223�6 �Psychology in Marketing Research� preserved objects, materials knowledge as seventy four (E. Levy) 10 and quantitative methods 199, 201, 217 product design 39�forty clustering 216 manufacturing period concept seventy nine rise of 6 skilled consumers 240�41 quantitative methods 199, 201, 216, 217 projective methods 143�55 query framing seventy two ambiguous stimuli 145 articulation expertise 148 Rabinow, Paul 501 consumer communication 148 race, and critical visual evaluation 315 consumer reminiscence 147�8 Radical Faeries 176, 177 knowledge commonalities 146 �The Radio Day Time Serial: A Symbolic knowledge modality and amount a hundred and fifty�fifty one Analysis� (W. Price) 201 glocal 530�31 Robertson, Roland 524 infrareexivity 347, 352�three Robertson, Thomas 11 metareexivity 352 Robin Hood 456 and multi-sited ethnography 501, 505 Rodriguez, Richard 557 positional 352 Rogers, Carl R. Altman) 367 concept/assumptions 202 Short Guide to Writing About Art, A self-consciousness 187 (S. Barnet) 309 self-disclosure 148�9 Shostak, Marjorie 381 dened 233 Shoveling Smoke (W. Craig 325 language, two aspects of 36 Smith, Ruth Ann seventy one�2, 220, 227, 244 and linguistics 31, 32 Smith, Sidonie 444 and market segmentation analysis 364 social actions, cultural impact 49 origins 31 social aliation, and brands 96�7 paradigm of 31, 32 social class, and consumption 87 and playwrights 32 social desirability 146, 149 product and emblem design 39�forty social hierarchy, and domination forty seven Saussurian custom, marketing analysis 32 Social Research, Inc. Sheth) 12 reinforcement of religious tales, and Theory of the Leisure Class, the (T. Glazier) 295 vignettes 234, 235 working hypotheses, and matter selection Vihma, Susann 39�forty seventy one�2 digital communities of consumption a hundred thirty Workingman�s Wife (L. Handel) 10 visual literacy 335 Workman, Jr, John 23 visual strategies, self-disclosure 234�5 Worth, Sol 338 voyeurism, and sensitivity 491 Wright, Peter 60 weak, meaning 325 Wrigley Company 11 written narratives, self-disclosure strategies Wacquant, L. Morozov content material, and that connectivity on its own is a really poor predictor of political ment. Morozov excels at this sort of counter-intuitive diplomacy at georgetown University and a evaluation, and he immediately recasts numerous international coverage debates with this in this spirited e-book, journalist and social fellow on the open society institute in new timely e-book. Morozov�s writings nature of the internet, Western do-gooders have appeared within the Economist, Newsweek, �Net Delusion is a brilliant e-book and an excellent learn. Le Monde, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, explains why such naive hopes are sadly misplaced. With a eager eye for detail buzzwords like �twenty-first-century state the San Francisco Chronicle, Prospect, Dis and a probing, skeptical intelligence, he exhibits that the Web is as likely to distract craft� sound good in powerpoint shows, sent, and plenty of other publications. He has as to empower, and that each dictators and dissidents can exploit its novel however the reality is that �digital diplomacy� appeared on cnn, cbs, skynews, cbc, Al features. No a part of this e-book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever with out written permission except within the case of temporary quotations embodied in important articles and evaluations. PublicAffairs books can be found at special discounts for bulk purchases within the U. The seemingly inexorable march of freedom that began within the late Eighties has not solely come to a halt however could have reversed its course. Expressions like �freedom recession� have begun to escape of the think-tank circuit and enter the general public dialog. In a state of quiet desperation, a rising number of Western policymakers began to con cede that the Washington Consensus� that set of dubious insurance policies that when promised a neoliberal paradise at deep discounts� has been su perseded by the Beijing Consensus, which boasts of delivering fast and-soiled prosperity with out having to hassle with these pesky institutions of democracy. The West has been sluggish to discover that the ght for democracy wasn�t gained back in 1989. Such a laissez-faire strategy to democratization has proved quite toothless towards resurgent authoritarianism, which has masterfully tailored to this new, highly globalized world. Today�s authoritarianism is of the hedonism and consumerism-friendly selection, with Steve Jobs and Ashton Kutcher commanding much more respect than Mao or Che Guevara. While the Soviets might be liberated by waving the magic wand of blue jeans, exquisite espresso ix x Introduction machines, and cheap bubble gum, one can�t pull the same trick on China. Many of the signs that promised additional democratization just some years in the past by no means fairly materialized. The so-called color revolutions that swept the former Soviet Union within the last decade produced quite am biguous results. Ironically, it�s essentially the most authoritarian of the former So viet republics� Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan� that found these revolutions most helpful, having found and patched their own vul nerabilities. My personal birthplace, Belarus, once singled out by Con doleezza Rice because the last outpost of tyranny in Europe, is probably the shrewdest of the lot; it continues its slide right into a bizarre form of creator itarianism, the place the glorication of the Soviet past by its despotic ruler is fused with a rising appreciation of fast vehicles, costly holi days, and unique cocktails by its largely carefree populace. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, which have been started, if something, to unfold the gospel of freedom and democracy, have misplaced much of their initial emancipatory potential as properly, additional blurring the road between �regime change� and �democracy promotion. It is thus straightforward to neglect, if only for therapeutic purposes, that the West nonetheless has an obligation to rise up for democratic values, converse up about violations of human rights, and reprimand those that abuse their ofce and their citizens. Luckily, by the twenty-rst century the case for selling democracy no longer needs to be made; even the toughest skeptics agree that a world the place Russia, China, and Iran adhere to democratic norms is a safer world. As the last few a long time have so aptly illustrated, good in tentions are hardly enough. Even essentially the most noble attempts could easily backre, entrenching authoritarianism as a result. The images of hor Introduction xi ric prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib have been the end result, if solely not directly, of one specific strategy to selling democracy.

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